“How does gingivitis progress to periodontitis if left untreated?”

If gingivitis is left untreated, it can progress to periodontitis, a more severe and irreversible form of gum disease. Heres how that progression typically happens: Gingivitis (Early Stage) Accumulation of plaquea sticky film of bacteriaon the teeth and gums. Symptoms: Red, swollen gums that may bleed during brushing or flossing. Reversible: With proper oral hygiene and professional cleanings, gingivitis can be reversed. 2. Early Periodontitis Progression: Plaque hardens into tartar (calculus), which harbors more bacteria and irritates the gums. Gum Response: The immune system reacts to the bacterial infection, causing inflammation and beginning to break down the tissue and bone. Signs: Gums begin to pull away from the teeth, forming pockets that trap more plaque and bacteria. 3. Moderate to Advanced Periodontitis Tissue Damage: The infection spreads deeper, destroying connective tissue and bone that support the teeth. Symptoms: Deep periodontal pockets, gum recession, persistent bad breath, tooth mobility, and potential pus discharge. Tooth Loss Risk: Without intervention, the supporting structures are so damaged that teeth can loosen and eventually fall out or require extraction. Why This Happens The bodys immune response to long-standing bacteria and toxins ends up attacking the bodys own gum and bone tissue. Poor oral hygiene, smoking, genetics, diabetes, and other health issues can accelerate this process. Preventing the Progression Early intervention is key. Routine dental cleanings and good daily brushing/flossing can stop gingivitis from advancing. Treatments like scaling and root planing (deep cleaning), LANAP, or even surgery may be necessary in later stages to manage periodontitis. Kind regards, Allison January