EXPERT
Richard Evan Steele
Internist
Finding a highly qualified and empathetic physician is an extremely difficult task, and one that very few people have the wherewithal to do so. It is equally as rare to find a highly qualified and sympathetic physician online. With my 25 years plus of front line clinical work, and my highly tuned epidemiological and population-based viewpoint, as well as five years of medical consultant work, I am uniquely qualified to smell out nearly any udtoward health condition, and give expert advice as to what the person in question can or should do in order to get better. Welcome!
- Sejs, Silkeborg
- Aarhus University
- Accepting new patients
Creating a problem based, competency based and community oriented education
Abstract: This article describes the development of a new curriculum for health services administrators in Cracow in Poland from the fall of 1991 through the spring of 1993....
Creating a University education for health services administrators - how to create a problem based, competency based and community oriented education
Abstract: This article describes the development of a new curriculum for health services administrators in Cracow in Poland from the fall of 1991 through the spring of 1993....
Patient based medicine. Treat the paitent - not his disease!
This book addresses the deep chasm that exists between the traditional and conventional practice of medicine on one hand, and the existence of critical reasoning and astute evaluation...
Our New Book
Our new book describes the need for patient based medicine, which is to say that the current tendency toward super subspecialization can be dangerous to your health by not taking...
Low Level Laser Therapy and COPD
Every experienced clinician has met many patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in various clinical settings. The prognosis is generally poor, going from bad...
Low Level Laser Therapy and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
A novel treatment modality for the treatment of COPD is presented. A patient story in which a patient was brought from a pulmonary capacity of 25% to a pulmonary capacity of 44%...
Low level laster therapy and myofascial pain
J Pain Manage 2020; 13(1): 00-00. Running title: Low level laser therapy Low level laser therapy and myofascial pain Richard Evan Steele, MD, MPH Klinikken Livet, Sejs, Silkeborg,...
What type of sugar should diabetics avoid?
medicine
HSV
Paxlovid
Indications
Treatment of COVID-19 in adults at increased risk of progressing to severe COVID-19.
Criteria for Nirmatrelvir Treatment
Confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection via reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respiratory sample testing, or antigen/self-test; and
Significant COVID-19 symptoms lasting no more than 5 days; and
At-risk or high-risk patient; and
Outpatient or hospitalized for a condition other than COVID-19.
Note:
For high-risk patients, treatment may be offered based on an individual assessment, even for those with prolonged symptomatic COVID-19.
The definition of at-risk and high-risk patients can be found in the Danish Health Authority's guidelines or under disease progression. The Danish Health Authority has issued guidelines on who should receive nirmatrelvir treatment.
There are also guidelines from the Infectious Disease Society.
See also:
Antiviral agents for COVID-19
Dosage Forms
Film-coated tablets. The package contains two different types of tablets:
Pink tablets containing 150 mg nirmatrelvir
White tablets containing 100 mg ritonavir
Dosage Recommendation
Adults:
300 mg nirmatrelvir (2 tablets of 150 mg) with
100 mg ritonavir (1 tablet of 100 mg)
Every 12 hours for 5 days.
Paxlovid should be administered as soon as possible after a COVID-19 diagnosis and within 5 days of symptom onset.
Important Notes:
Safety and efficacy have not been established in children and adolescents under 18 years old.
Can be taken with or without food.
Must be swallowed whole.
If absolutely necessary, both tablets may be split/crushed, but crushing may reduce ritonavir plasma concentration (white tablet).
General Dosage Guidelines
Handling of Tablets and Capsules
Film-coated tablets (150 mg + 100 mg)
Crushing/opening: Not recommended.
Administration: Swallow whole.
Food and drink: Can be taken with or without food.
Note:
If absolutely necessary, both tablets may be split/crushed, but this may reduce the plasma concentration of ritonavir (white tablet).
Kidney Function Impairment
Caution for Reduced Kidney Function
GFR Warning
<30 ml/min Low risk of toxicity for a 5-day treatment. 150 mg nirmatrelvir / 100 mg ritonavir (1 tablet of each) every 12 hours for 5 days may be given.
30-60 ml/min Dose reduction: 150 mg nirmatrelvir / 100 mg ritonavir (1 tablet of each) every 12 hours for 5 days.
Liver Function Impairment
Contraindicated in severe liver impairment (Child-Pugh C) due to lack of experience.
Hepatitis and other liver-related effects have occurred with ritonavir treatment.
Use with caution in patients with pre-existing liver disease, liver enzyme abnormalities, or hepatitis.
Contraindications
Drug Interactions:
Paxlovid is primarily metabolized via CYP3A4, and its inhibitory effect on CYP3A4 can increase the risk of serious side effects.
Potent CYP3A4 inducers can reduce Paxlovid’s plasma concentration, affecting its virological response and possibly leading to resistance.
Refer to Interactions section and product summary for further details.
Precautions
Monitoring
Bedaquiline/Delamanid: Frequent ECG monitoring recommended.
Steroids (e.g., budesonide): Close monitoring of local and systemic side effects is advised.
Midazolam: Close clinical monitoring is necessary, along with medical intervention in case of respiratory depression or prolonged sedation.
Cases of hypertension (non-severe and temporary) have been reported. Regular blood pressure monitoring is recommended, especially in elderly patients who have a higher risk of severe complications.
Side Effects
This medication has enhanced reporting requirements. All side effects must be reported to the Danish Medicines Agency.
System Organ Class Potentially Serious Side Effects Common (1-10%) Uncommon (0.1-1%) Rare (0.01-0.1%)
Gastrointestinal - Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, taste disorders (e.g., metallic or bitter taste) Abdominal pain -
Nervous System - Headache - -
Immune System - - Hypersensitivity Anaphylactic reaction, Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Musculoskeletal System - - Myalgia -
Skin & Subcutaneous Tissue - - Itching, rash Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)
Vascular Diseases Hypertension - - -
General Symptoms - - - Malaise
Note: Symptoms like rash and itching may indicate an allergic reaction.
Drug Interactions
Nirmatrelvir is a CYP3A inhibitor and may increase plasma concentrations of drugs metabolized by CYP3A.
Ritonavir inhibits CYP3A and CYP2D6, which can lead to interactions with antidepressants, antipsychotics, and opioids.
Serious interactions with calcineurin inhibitors and mTOR inhibitors (used as immunosuppressants) can be life-threatening.
Regular monitoring of immunosuppressant serum concentrations is necessary during and after Paxlovid treatment.
Significant Interactions (Non-Exhaustive List)
Adrenergic α1-receptor antagonist: Alfuzosin
Cancer medications: Neratinib, Venetoclax
Antiarrhythmics: Amiodarone, Dronedarone, Flecainide, Propafenone
Anti-infectives: Fusidic acid, Rifampicin, Itraconazole
Antiepileptics: Carbamazepine, Phenobarbital, Phenytoin
Gout medication: Colchicine
Antipsychotics: Lurasidone, Pimozide, Clozapine, Quetiapine
Ergot alkaloids: Ergotamine
Herbal medicine: St. John’s Wort
Lipid-lowering drugs: Simvastatin, Lomitapide
PDE5 inhibitors (for erectile dysfunction): Avanafil, Sildenafil, Vardenafil
Sedatives/hypnotics: Diazepam, Oral Midazolam, Triazolam
HIV drugs: Efavirenz, Maraviroc
Immunosuppressants: Ciclosporin, Tacrolimus, Everolimus, Sirolimus
Refer to product summary section 4.5 for detailed interactions.
Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
Not recommended due to insufficient data.
No sufficient human data for nirmatrelvir to estimate risks.
Ritonavir monotherapy appears safe, as per Norvir®.
Blood Donation
Not allowed for blood donation (2-week quarantine).
No quarantine required for plasma donation for fractionation.
Doping
No restrictions.
Alcohol Consumption
No interaction between alcohol and Paxlovid.
However, always follow the Danish Health Authority’s recommendations.
Medicine
Do I have the flu?
Cellulitis???










Flu vaccine
My lymph nodes are swollen and my jaw above it is too

Air is escaping
Sore throat after unprotected sex
Bumps all over body

Pressure in chest & at rib cage in front

Underneath shoulder blades sharp pains
Rick Steele www.klinikken-livet.dk
cold in teenager
